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type=\u0022text\/css\u0022 rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 href=\u0022\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/sites\/default\/files\/advagg_css\/css__ce2QY63WIanKyr8eSq7eavr1XQRRmFD6ZSmwpyJi8lM__zXwFqpqmxrZOXXcd_TpBQpjuELbmIP9wBR5UuTDWAO4__YJWWMMdfCJuAFm5cUEp88OsodhO3ZA-2lzRfoBsSlk4.css\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Clink rel=\u0027stylesheet\u0027 type=\u0027text\/css\u0027 href=\u0027\/sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/onecol\/onecol.css\u0027 \/\u003E\u003C\/head\u003E\u003Cbody\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panels-ajax-tab-panel panels-ajax-tab-panel-sageoa-tab-art\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-display panel-1col clearfix\u0022 \u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-panel panel-col\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-markup\u0022 \u003E\n  \n      \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-markup\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022article fulltext-view \u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section abstract\u0022 id=\u0022abstract-1\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ESummary\u003C\/h2\u003E\n            \u003Cp id=\u0022p-1\u0022\u003EThe presence of depressive symptoms at baseline and over time was associated with an increased risk of mortality in men and women with type 1 diabetes mellitus in an analysis of data from the Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications study [EDC; Pambianco G et al. \u003Cem\u003EDiabetes\u003C\/em\u003E 2006.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EMood Disorders\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EDiabetes \u0026amp; Endocrinology Clinical Trials Diabetes Mellitus\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group clinical-trial\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EMood Disorders\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EDiabetes \u0026amp; Endocrinology Clinical Trials\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EEndocrinology\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EDiabetes \u0026amp; Metabolic Syndrome\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EDiabetes Mellitus\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-2\u0022\u003EThe presence of depressive symptoms at baseline and over time was associated with an increased risk of mortality in men and women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in an analysis of data from the Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications study [EDC; Pambianco G et al. \u003Cem\u003EDiabetes\u003C\/em\u003E 2006], presented by Catherine E. Fickley, MPH, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-3\u0022\u003EThe prevalence of clinical depression in patients with T1DM was 12% compared with 3% in healthy controls in a meta-analysis [Barnard KD et al. \u003Cem\u003EDiabet Med\u003C\/em\u003E 2006]. The existing literature on the relation between depression and depressive symptoms and diabetes outcomes in patients with T1DM appears to be limited to one study that showed a relation between depression, as measured by antidepressant use, and an increased risk of mortality in women but not in men [Ahola AJ et al. \u003Cem\u003EDiabetologia\u003C\/em\u003E 2012]. A relationship between depression and increased mortality in the general population and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been reported.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-4\u0022\u003EThe EDC is a prospective cohort study of 658 participants with childhood-onset T1DM who have been followed since 1986. At baseline, their mean age was 28 years (range, 8 to 48 years) and diabetes duration was 19 years (range, 7 to 37 years). At baseline, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire was completed by participants. The BDI includes items related to symptoms of depression, cognition, and physical symptoms.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-5\u0022\u003EIn total, 458 (235 women, 223 men) participants who completed the BDI at baseline were eligible for this analysis, in which investigators examined whether the incidence of all-cause mortality varied according to reported depressive symptoms over time while controlling for relevant covariates.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-6\u0022\u003EDuring the 20-year follow-up, 94 deaths (43 women, 51 men) occurred. The BDI score was associated with mortality on univariate analysis (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.58; p\u0026lt; .001).\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-7\u0022\u003EThe association between depressive symptoms and mortality persisted (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.56; p\u0026lt; .001) on multivariable analysis, adjusted for T1DM duration, calories consumed, total cholesterol, waist-to-hip ratio, HbA1C, education, hypertension, blood pressure medication, type A behavior, coronary artery disease, white blood cell count, and calories consumed, among others.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-8\u0022\u003EThe use of antidepressants was not a confounding variable and only slightly diminished the association between depressive symptoms and mortality risk (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.54; p\u0026lt; .001). No association was found between depressive symptoms and mortality risk between women and men (p = .02) or between sex and antidepressant use (p = .81).\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-9\u0022\u003EWhen a cut point of 16 for clinically important depression was used, a significant relation between mortality and a BDI 16 or higher was found compared with a BDI less than 16 (HR, 2.87; 95% CI, 1.83 to 4.50; p\u0026lt; .001).\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-10\u0022\u003EA strength of this analysis was that the self-reported BDI captured depressive symptoms in patients who were and were not taking antidepressants, stated Fickley. Depressive symptoms over time predicted mortality in both women and men in this analysis, regardless of antidepressant use. These data support the need to evaluate efforts to improve screening and treatment of depression in T1DM.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022copyright-statement\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022fn\u0022 id=\u0022copyright-statement-1\u0022\u003E\u00a9 2014 MD Conference Express\u00ae\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-end\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan id=\u0022related-urls\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/content\/14\/19\/14.1.abstract\u0022 class=\u0022hw-link hw-link-article-abstract\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView Summary\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_openurl.js?nzp2p2\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003C\/body\u003E\u003C\/html\u003E"}