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type=\u0022text\/css\u0022 rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 href=\u0022\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/sites\/default\/files\/advagg_css\/css__ce2QY63WIanKyr8eSq7eavr1XQRRmFD6ZSmwpyJi8lM__zXwFqpqmxrZOXXcd_TpBQpjuELbmIP9wBR5UuTDWAO4__YJWWMMdfCJuAFm5cUEp88OsodhO3ZA-2lzRfoBsSlk4.css\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Clink rel=\u0027stylesheet\u0027 type=\u0027text\/css\u0027 href=\u0027\/sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/onecol\/onecol.css\u0027 \/\u003E\u003C\/head\u003E\u003Cbody\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panels-ajax-tab-panel panels-ajax-tab-panel-sageoa-tab-art\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-display panel-1col clearfix\u0022 \u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-panel panel-col\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-markup\u0022 \u003E\n  \n      \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-markup\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022article fulltext-view \u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section abstract\u0022 id=\u0022abstract-1\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ESummary\u003C\/h2\u003E\n            \u003Cp id=\u0022p-1\u0022\u003EThe clinical implications of atrial tachycardia (AT) and atrial fibrillation (AF) episodes \u0026lt;5 minutes in duration are unknown. Such episodes can be detected with implanted cardiac rhythm management (CRM) devices. The aim of the prospective Registry of Atrial Tachycardia and Atrial Fibrillation Episodes in the Cardiac Rhythm Management Device Population [RATE; \u003Ca class=\u0022external-ref external-ref-type-clintrialgov\u0022 href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV\u0026amp;access_num=NCT00837798\u0026amp;atom=%2Fspmdc%2F14%2F21%2F12.atom\u0022\u003ENCT00837798\u003C\/a\u003E] was to document the incidence of AT and AF, along with associated clinical data, in a large group of patients with implanted pacemakers or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EArrhythmias\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EInterventional Techniques \u0026amp; Devices\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003ECardiology Clinical Trials\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group clinical-trial\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003ECardiology \u0026amp; Cardiovascular Medicine\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-2\u0022\u003EThe clinical implications of atrial tachycardia (AT) and atrial fibrillation (AF) episodes \u0026lt;5 minutes in duration are unknown. Such episodes can be detected with implanted cardiac rhythm management (CRM) devices. The aim of the prospective Registry of Atrial Tachycardia and Atrial Fibrillation Episodes in the Cardiac Rhythm Management Device Population [RATE; \u003Ca class=\u0022external-ref external-ref-type-clintrialgov\u0022 href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV\u0026amp;access_num=NCT00837798\u0026amp;atom=%2Fspmdc%2F14%2F21%2F12.atom\u0022\u003ENCT00837798\u003C\/a\u003E] presented by Michael V. Orlov, St Elizabeth\u0027s Medical Center, Brighton, Massachusetts, USA, was to document the incidence of AT and AF, along with associated clinical data, in a large group of patients with implanted pacemakers (PMs) or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). The investigators hypothesized that short AT or AF episodes in the RATE population would be associated with prespecified clinical adverse events (AEs) and confer a high risk of subsequent longer episodes of AT or AF.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-3\u0022\u003EIn total 5379 patients receiving new PMs (n=3141) or ICDs (n=2238) without documented AF in the previous 3 months were enrolled at 225 sites in the United States. Device and AE data were analyzed every 6 months during the 2-year follow-up. All hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and in-hospital deaths were adjudicated by 8 teams of 2 physicians blinded to the electrogram (EGM) data. Because there were an estimated 13,000 EGMs, a random sample and a case-control sample were adjudicated. The random sample consisted of randomly selected patients, with a sample size sufficient to provide 95% confidence of defining the true incidence of AT and AF. All EGMs from 300 patients with a PM and 300 patients with an ICD were included in the random sample. The case-control sample consisted of all EGMs from all patients with AEs (cases); 2 controls were matched to each case.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-4\u0022\u003EThe registry was conducted from 2007 to 2012, and the median follow-up was 23 months. In the random sample, the total incidence of AT and AF was 48% in the PM group (40% long duration and 9% short duration) and 52% in the ICD group (36% long duration and 16% short duration). In the case-control sample, the total incidence of AT and AF was \u223c40% in the cases and \u223c30% in the controls (\u003Ca id=\u0022xref-table-wrap-1-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-table\u0022 href=\u0022#T1\u0022\u003ETable 1\u003C\/a\u003E).\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\u0022T1\u0022 class=\u0022table pos-float\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022table-inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022callout\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EView this table:\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022callout-links\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/\u0022 class=\u0022table-expand-inline\u0022 data-table-url=\u0022\/highwire\/markup\/14804\/expansion?postprocessors=highwire_figures%2Chighwire_math%2Chighwire_inline_linked_media%2Chighwire_embed\u0026amp;table-expand-inline=1\u0022 html=\u00221\u0022 fragment=\u0022#\u0022 external=\u00221\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView inline\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/markup\/14804\/expansion?width=1000\u0026amp;height=500\u0026amp;iframe=true\u0026amp;postprocessors=highwire_figures%2Chighwire_math%2Chighwire_inline_linked_media\u0022 class=\u0022colorbox colorbox-load table-expand-popup\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-tables\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView popup\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/14804\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022table-caption\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022table-label\u0022\u003ETable 1.\u003C\/span\u003E \n            \u003Cp id=\u0022p-5\u0022 class=\u0022first-child\u0022\u003EIncidence of Atrial Tachycardia and Fibrillation\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-10\u0022\u003EAEs included 118 hospitalizations and 191 deaths in the PM group and 290 hospitalizations and 168 deaths in the ICD group. Long AT or AF episodes were associated with all AEs in the ICD group (p=0.006), including hospitalization for clinical AT or AF (p=0.0001) and all-cause death (p=0.006; \u003Ca id=\u0022xref-fig-1-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-fig\u0022 href=\u0022#F1\u0022\u003EFigure 1\u003C\/a\u003E). There was no significant association between AT or AF episodes and AEs in the PM group. Patients with only short AT or AF episodes were not at a higher risk of AEs than were those without AT or AF during follow-up.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\u0022F1\u0022 class=\u0022fig pos-float  odd\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-figure\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/14\/21\/12\/F1.large.jpg?width=800\u0026amp;height=600\u0026amp;carousel=1\u0022 title=\u0022Rates of Clinical Events, AT, and AF in the ICD Groupa             \u0022 class=\u0022fragment-images colorbox-load\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-images-909973331\u0022 data-figure-caption=\u0022\u0026amp;lt;div xmlns=\u0026amp;quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0026amp;quot;\u0026amp;gt;Rates of Clinical Events, AT, and AF in the ICD Group\u0026amp;lt;sup\u0026amp;gt;a\u0026amp;lt;\/sup\u0026amp;gt;             \u0026amp;lt;\/div\u0026amp;gt;\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg class=\u0022fragment-image\u0022 alt=\u0022Figure 1.\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/14\/21\/12\/F1.medium.gif\u0022\/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022highwire-figure-links inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/14\/21\/12\/F1.large.jpg?download=true\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-download\u0022 title=\u0022Download Figure 1.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload figure\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/14\/21\/12\/F1.large.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-newtab\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EOpen in new tab\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/14802\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-caption attrib\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022fig-label\u0022\u003EFigure 1.\u003C\/span\u003E \n            \u003Cp id=\u0022p-11\u0022 class=\u0022first-child\u0022\u003ERates of Clinical Events, AT, and AF in the ICD Group\u003Csup\u003Ea\u003C\/sup\u003E\n            \u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cq class=\u0022attrib\u0022 id=\u0022attrib-1\u0022\u003EAF=atrial fibrillation; AT=atrial tachycardia; EF=ejection fraction; HF=heart failure; Hosp=hospitalization; ICD=implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; MI=myocardial infarction; TIA=transient ischemic attack; VT=ventricular tachycardia.\u003C\/q\u003E\u003Cq class=\u0022attrib\u0022 id=\u0022attrib-2\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Csup\u003Ea\u003C\/sup\u003E Adjusted ORs include covariates: anticoagulant (crude OR 1.7 for all events), hypertension (OR 1.4), prior stroke (OR 1.2), prior VT (OR 1.3), prior MI (OR 1.2), EF (OR 1.2 per 10% reduction).\u003C\/q\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-12\u0022\u003EOccurrence of short AT or AF was significantly associated with development of long AT or AF over time in ICD patients (HR, 1.54; p=0.04) but not in PM patients (HR, 1.35; p=0.20).\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-13\u0022\u003EAT or AF was documented in half the CRM population within 2 years. Approximately 1 in 4 of these patients had only short AT or AF episodes. Patients with long AT and AF episodes in the ICD group had more AEs, including hospitalization and all-cause death. Dr. Orlov concluded that many patients with short AT or AF episodes will not develop long AT or AF episodes within a 24-month period.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022copyright-statement\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022fn\u0022 id=\u0022copyright-statement-1\u0022\u003E\u00a9 2014 MD Conference Express\u00ae\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-end\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan id=\u0022related-urls\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/content\/14\/21\/12.abstract\u0022 class=\u0022hw-link hw-link-article-abstract\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView Summary\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_figures.js?nzp05d\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_openurl.js?nzp05d\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_tables.js?nzp05d\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003C\/body\u003E\u003C\/html\u003E"}