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type=\u0022text\/css\u0022 rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 href=\u0022\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/sites\/default\/files\/advagg_css\/css__ce2QY63WIanKyr8eSq7eavr1XQRRmFD6ZSmwpyJi8lM__zXwFqpqmxrZOXXcd_TpBQpjuELbmIP9wBR5UuTDWAO4__YJWWMMdfCJuAFm5cUEp88OsodhO3ZA-2lzRfoBsSlk4.css\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Clink rel=\u0027stylesheet\u0027 type=\u0027text\/css\u0027 href=\u0027\/sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/onecol\/onecol.css\u0027 \/\u003E\u003C\/head\u003E\u003Cbody\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panels-ajax-tab-panel panels-ajax-tab-panel-sageoa-tab-art\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-display panel-1col clearfix\u0022 \u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-panel panel-col\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-markup\u0022 \u003E\n  \n      \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-markup\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022article fulltext-view \u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section abstract\u0022 id=\u0022abstract-1\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ESummary\u003C\/h2\u003E\n            \u003Cp id=\u0022p-1\u0022\u003EThis study focused on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is becoming recognized as a component of the metabolic syndrome. NAFLD includes hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis and can ultimately lead to cirrhosis.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003Ecardiometabolic disorder\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003Eobesity\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section\u0022 id=\u0022sec-1\u0022\u003E\n         \n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-2\u0022\u003EThis study focused on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is associated with obesity insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is becoming recognized as a component of the metabolic syndrome. NAFLD includes hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis and can ultimately lead to cirrhosis.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-3\u0022\u003EThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a rapidly absorbed (high glycemic index) versus a slowly absorbed (low glycemic index) carbohydrate on measures of adiposity and hepatic steatosis in a mouse strain not predisposed to obesity or diabetes.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-4\u0022\u003EThe study design randomized mice to two experimental diets. The macronutrient composition of each diet was constant (19% protein, 13% fat, 68% carbohydrate); the diets differed only in the type of starch used. One group was fed 100% amylopectin as its starch portion (A, high glycemic index), while the other was fed both amylopectin (40%) and amylose (60%) (AA, low glycemic index).\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-5\u0022\u003EAfter a one-week run-in period on a high amylose diet, the mice were weight-paired and randomized to an A diet (n=8) or an AA diet (n=9). They were fed either diet for 25 weeks. Body weight and energy intake were the same for each group throughout the study.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-6\u0022\u003EBeginning at week 3, the AA-fed mice had a noticeably lower adiposity than the A-fed mice as evidenced by a DEXA scan (17.5\u00b10.64% fat vs. 19.6\u00b10.66% fat, respectively p=0.042). At week 18, AA-fed mice had 25.3\u00b11.04% fat, while the A-fed mice had 30.7\u00b10.87% fat (p=0.0008). At the end of the study, epidydimal fat pads weighed less in AA-fed mice compared to A-fed mice. Oil Red O staining of frozen liver sections showed decreased intracellular fat droplet accumulation in AA-fed mice, compared to A-fed mice, with no difference in liver weights between the two groups. Triglycerides were extracted from the liver by the Folch method and quantified.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-7\u0022\u003EIn addition to greater adiposity, the animals in the A group had higher insulin levels, higher circulating triglycerides and higher hepatic triglycerides compared to the AA group.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-8\u0022\u003EThe study concluded that a diet high in rapidly absorbed carbohydrates leads to hyperinsulinemia, increased fat deposition and hepatic steatosis possibly due to increased substrate availability (glucose) for de novo lipogenesis. From this study we may speculate that Westernized diets comprised of refined, rapidly-absorbed carbohydrates could contribute to a metabolic milieu that increases the risk for cardiovascular disease.\u003C\/p\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022copyright-statement\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022fn\u0022 id=\u0022copyright-statement-1\u0022\u003E\u00a9 2006 MD Conference Express\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-end\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan id=\u0022related-urls\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/content\/6\/2\/34.abstract\u0022 class=\u0022hw-link hw-link-article-abstract\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView Summary\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_openurl.js?nzlyw3\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003C\/body\u003E\u003C\/html\u003E"}