Summary

Good quality images are determined by number of dimensions, spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, image contrast, and the presence of artifacts. This article presents an overview of 3D image acquisition with computed tomography and magnetic resonance from the perspective of obtaining accurate images suitable for 3D printing. Other topics include a review of the art of 3D visualization vs 3D printing, as well as the role of rapid prototyping using 3D printing technologies to assist surgeons in optimizing surgical decisions.