RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
A1 Rizzo, Toni
T1 Dystonias: Evolving Classification and Improving Treatments
JF MD Conference Express
YR 2014
FD SAGE Publications
VO 14
IS 15
SP 29
OP 31
DO 10.1177/155989771415012
UL http://mdc.sagepub.com/content/14/15/29.abstract
AB The term dystonia was first coined by Herman Oppenheim in 1911, who considered the core defect a problem with muscle tone. The definition has evolved throughout the years, with the latest being published in the 2013 Movement Disorder Society Consensus Update. They defined dystonia as “a movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal, often repetitive movements, postures, or both” [Albanese A et al. Mov Disord 2013]. This article discusses this new classification, medical and nonsurgical treatments for dystonia, and current options for surgical treatment of dystonias.