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xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022article fulltext-view \u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section abstract\u0022 id=\u0022abstract-1\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ESummary\u003C\/h2\u003E\n            \u003Cp id=\u0022p-1\u0022\u003EThis article discusses the diagnosis and treatment of 2 dermatology conditions that occur in dogs and cats\u2014mite infestations and interdigital follicular cysts. Also described are techniques for performing skin biopsies and bacterial culture.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EDermatologic \u0026amp; Otic Diseases\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003ECompanion Animals\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group clinical-trial\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EDermatologic \u0026amp; Otic Diseases\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003ECompanion Animals\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-2\u0022\u003EJames O. Noxon, DVM, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA, discussed the diagnosis and treatment of 2 dermatology conditions that occur in dogs and cats\u2014mite infestations and interdigital follicular cysts. He also described techniques for performing skin biopsies and bacterial culture.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section\u0022 id=\u0022sec-1\u0022\u003E\n         \u003Ch2 class=\u0022\u0022\u003EDEMODEX DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT\u003C\/h2\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-3\u0022\u003ESeveral species of \u003Cem\u003EDemodex\u003C\/em\u003E occur on dogs and cats. The classical demodectic mange of dogs is caused by the follicular mite \u003Cem\u003EDemodex canis\u003C\/em\u003E. The features, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions caused by \u003Cem\u003ED. canis\u003C\/em\u003E and other \u003Cem\u003EDemodex\u003C\/em\u003E species are described in \u003Ca id=\u0022xref-table-wrap-1-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-table\u0022 href=\u0022#T1\u0022\u003ETable 1\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cdiv id=\u0022T1\u0022 class=\u0022table pos-float\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022table-inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022callout\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EView this table:\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022callout-links\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/\u0022 class=\u0022table-expand-inline\u0022 data-table-url=\u0022\/highwire\/markup\/15020\/expansion?postprocessors=highwire_figures%2Chighwire_math%2Chighwire_inline_linked_media%2Chighwire_embed\u0026amp;table-expand-inline=1\u0022 html=\u00221\u0022 fragment=\u0022#\u0022 external=\u00221\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView inline\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/markup\/15020\/expansion?width=1000\u0026amp;height=500\u0026amp;iframe=true\u0026amp;postprocessors=highwire_figures%2Chighwire_math%2Chighwire_inline_linked_media\u0022 class=\u0022colorbox colorbox-load table-expand-popup\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-tables\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView popup\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/15020\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022table-caption\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022table-label\u0022\u003ETable 1.\u003C\/span\u003E \n               \u003Cp id=\u0022p-4\u0022 class=\u0022first-child\u0022\u003ECharacteristics, Diagnosis, and Treatment of \u003Cem\u003EDemodex\u003C\/em\u003E Conditions\u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section\u0022 id=\u0022sec-2\u0022\u003E\n         \u003Ch2 class=\u0022\u0022\u003EINTERDIGITAL FOLLICULAR CYSTS\u003C\/h2\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-5\u0022\u003EInterdigital follicular cysts develop in traumatized hair follicles, causing swelling of the follicular ostia. The most common cause of follicular cysts is excessive weight on the feet and conformational changes. The affected follicles occur on the ventral surface of the feet in the palmar (most common) and plantar regions. Trauma causes the follicles to dilate and fill with keratinocytes. The follicles rupture and drain dorsally, most often between P4 and P5, releasing their contents into the surrounding dermis and provoking an inflammatory reaction.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-6\u0022\u003EClose examination of the ventral foot reveals lichenification and comedones, from which keratinaceous debris can be expressed. The presence of follicular cysts can be confirmed by skin biopsy and histopathologic examination. Cytologic examination may help identify active infection or ongoing furunculosis, such as eosinophilic to pyogranulomatous inflammation. Even though staphylococci are usually found, bacterial culture should be performed to guide antibiotic selection. The lesion should be packed with mupirocin and antibiotics given for 3 to 4 weeks. Two negative cultures may indicate presence of a sterile pyogranuloma.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-7\u0022\u003ELaser ablation is the treatment of choice for follicular cysts, but it is a complex procedure that requires training to perform properly. The cyst may also be treated with surgical debridement. Other therapies include immunomodulating agents, shampoo therapy and residual topical rinses, and topical benzoyl peroxide shampoo or gels for early or mild lesions. Glucocorticoids are indicated for some allergic conditions and sterile pyogranulomas. Fusion podoplasty is successful in some cases. Finally, counseling the owners about weight control is critical for ensuring that the problem does not recur.\u003C\/p\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section\u0022 id=\u0022sec-3\u0022\u003E\n         \u003Ch2 class=\u0022\u0022\u003ESKIN BIOPSY AND BACTERIAL CULTURE\u003C\/h2\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-8\u0022\u003EThe key to obtaining an adequate biopsy is to take a sample of any abnormal skin areas. Although histopathologic examination may not always provide a definitive diagnosis, it can help with the differential diagnosis. According to Dr. Noxon, local anesthesia is adequate for most skin biopsies, \u201cdepending on the demeanor of the patient.\u201d General anesthesia is recommended for biopsy of the pinnae, foot pads or distal extremities, nasal planum or facial region, and periocular skin.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-9\u0022\u003EIndications for culture include recurring pyoderma, failure to respond to standard therapy, and unexpected cytology results. The sample should be taken from a pustule, intact lesion, under the crust of an epidermal collarette, or tissue biopsy. The lesion should not be scrubbed before sampling. Draining tracts should not be directly sampled. Sterile technique should be used, avoiding contamination from skin or hair near the lesion. The collected material should be placed in a sterile culture container and sealed for shipping to the laboratory.\u003C\/p\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022copyright-statement\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022fn\u0022 id=\u0022copyright-statement-1\u0022\u003E\u00a9 2014 MD Conference Express\u00ae\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-end\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan id=\u0022related-urls\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/content\/14\/25\/13.2.abstract\u0022 class=\u0022hw-link hw-link-article-abstract\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView Summary\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_openurl.js?nzozop\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_tables.js?nzozop\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003C\/body\u003E\u003C\/html\u003E"}