Summary

Patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, particularly those with high risk disease, have an unmet therapeutic need. Azacitidine monotherapy results in a modest response rate and duration of response. The addition of vorinostat or lenalidomide to azacytidine does not improve overall response rates, but may improve disease-free survival, does increase toxicity, discontinuations, and dose-reductions.