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type=\u0022text\/css\u0022 rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 href=\u0022\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/sites\/default\/files\/advagg_css\/css__ce2QY63WIanKyr8eSq7eavr1XQRRmFD6ZSmwpyJi8lM__zXwFqpqmxrZOXXcd_TpBQpjuELbmIP9wBR5UuTDWAO4__YJWWMMdfCJuAFm5cUEp88OsodhO3ZA-2lzRfoBsSlk4.css\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Clink rel=\u0027stylesheet\u0027 type=\u0027text\/css\u0027 href=\u0027\/sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/onecol\/onecol.css\u0027 \/\u003E\u003C\/head\u003E\u003Cbody\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panels-ajax-tab-panel panels-ajax-tab-panel-sageoa-tab-art\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-display panel-1col clearfix\u0022 \u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-panel panel-col\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-markup\u0022 \u003E\n  \n      \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-markup\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022article fulltext-view \u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section abstract\u0022 id=\u0022abstract-1\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ESummary\u003C\/h2\u003E\n            \u003Cp id=\u0022p-1\u0022\u003EThe INTERHEART studies showed that 90% of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is linked to lifestyle factors. This article discusses the SMILE and HAPPY programs that promote preventative medicine.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EPrevention \u0026amp; Screening\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group clinical-trial\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EPrevention \u0026amp; Screening\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003ECardiology\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-2\u0022\u003EAfter learning from the INTERHEART studies that 90% of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is linked to lifestyle factors, Leonard Hofstra, MD, PhD, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands, shifted his focus from general cardiology and research to preventative cardiology to look at health from a broader perspective.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-3\u0022\u003EOne of the main challenges in cardiology is the patient who has atherosclerosis but is asymptomatic with normal coronary flow until a coronary plaque ruptures, causing a myocardial infarction. Subclinical atherosclerosis is present in \u223c15% to 20% of men between the ages of 30 and 35, with lesions in the left anterior descending artery\u226540%. Earlier intervention during the decades of asymptomatic development of this disease is needed.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-4\u0022\u003ECurrent trends underscore the need for prevention because of the rapidly increasing prevalence of CVD, even in developing countries. Contributing factors are aging, obesity, and the doubling incidence of diabetes. CVD is the leading cause of death worldwide, with a person dying from it every 2 seconds. In India, CVD mortality accounts for 28% of deaths.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-5\u0022\u003EGovernment has a role in the prevention of CVD. Well-organized government programs can control the spread of disease, such as the control of cholera through programs that improved water conditions. In the same manner, organized programs are needed to promote healthy food, exercise, and smoking cessation.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section\u0022 id=\u0022sec-1\u0022\u003E\n         \u003Ch2 class=\u0022\u0022\u003ETHE HAPPY AND SMILE PROGRAMS\u003C\/h2\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-6\u0022\u003EOrganizers of the Heart Attack Prevention Program for You (HAPPY) hold large-scale CV health camps that provide education and promote awareness. A HAPPY program held in Maastricht, The Netherlands, included a health run from the hospital to the city center, lifestyle coaching, tips on healthy eating and other healthy behaviors, as well as an assessment of the participants\u0027 Framingham Risk Profile. Similar health camps have been held in India, where the single-day attendance reached 10,000 people.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-7\u0022\u003EThe Successful Methods for Inactive Lifestyle Education (SMILE) program was created to be a sustainable program that integrates risk profiling into existing health care, in contrast to a one-time event. SMILE participants complete questionnaires about lifestyle and medical history, after which they receive education about their risks and how lifestyle factors affect their future health. Participants can mail their questionnaires to a local institution, which selectively invites high-risk participants to a physician\u0027s office.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-8\u0022\u003EThe SMILE Caribbean program is expected to begin in Cura\u00e7ao, with the goal that each island will have its own SMILE program. Questionnaires will be completed electronically, with results sent directly to the cardiology center or to a general practitioner. The questionnaires will be reviewed for high-risk patients. Collection of this information will allow for a database to study and help guide health policy in participating countries. This approach can reach more people and is sustainable. The SMILE program allows for news and information to be directly sent to participants.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-9\u0022\u003EInformation from the SMILE database will help create a risk profile of the region, which, in turn, will help with the development of strategies to meet the specific needs of each country by directing resources to the areas of greatest need. Identifying the needs of the participants to governments and professional medical societies will help shape education and public health campaigns.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-10\u0022\u003EProf. Hofstra concluded by translating a Chinese saying from some 4500 years ago: \u201cSuperior doctors prevent the disease, mediocre doctors treat the disease before evident, and inferior doctors treat the full-blown disease.\u201d He suggested that cardiologists will become superior doctors by working to prevent disease.\u003C\/p\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022copyright-statement\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022fn\u0022 id=\u0022copyright-statement-1\u0022\u003E\u00a9 2013 MD Conference Express\u00ae\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-end\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan id=\u0022related-urls\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/content\/13\/14\/8.abstract\u0022 class=\u0022hw-link hw-link-article-abstract\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView Summary\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_openurl.js?nznnjd\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003C\/body\u003E\u003C\/html\u003E"}