Summary

Congenital heart (CH) disease is the presence of a gross structural abnormality of the heart or intrathoracic great vessels that is actually or potentially of functional significance [Mitchell SC et al. Circulation 1971]. It remains a major contributor to infant morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite advances in medical and surgical treatment. Early intervention is critical, but even adults with CH disease who have been previously treated are at greater risk for premature mortality, complications, and repeat interventional procedures, as repair does not necessarily constitute a cure.