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type=\u0022text\/css\u0022 rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 href=\u0022\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/sites\/default\/files\/cdn\/css\/http\/css_Xg7z6oCTVgud_Q0huYz9x9iiD5H_2YPSJ5z2ZViSWdY.css\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Clink rel=\u0027stylesheet\u0027 type=\u0027text\/css\u0027 href=\u0027\/sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/onecol\/onecol.css\u0027 \/\u003E\u003C\/head\u003E\u003Cbody\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panels-ajax-tab-panel panels-ajax-tab-panel-sageoa-tab-art\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-display panel-1col clearfix\u0022 \u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-panel panel-col\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-markup\u0022 \u003E\n  \n      \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-markup\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022article fulltext-view \u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section abstract\u0022 id=\u0022abstract-1\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ESummary\u003C\/h2\u003E\n            \u003Cp id=\u0022p-1\u0022\u003EThis article discusses clinical trials related to atrial fibrillation (AF), prevention and treatment options, and the expansion of the use of ablation in paroxysmal AF.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003EArrhythmias\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section\u0022 id=\u0022sec-1\u0022\u003E\n         \u003Ch2 class=\u0022\u0022\u003EOptimal Approaches\u003C\/h2\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-2\u0022\u003ECandidate selection is an important consideration in the optimal use of ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Noting the technological strides that have occurred over the past 5 years, Eric N. Prystowsky, MD, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, discussed the results from some of the studies (at least 13 clinical studies and several meta-analyses; \u003Ca id=\u0022xref-table-wrap-1-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-table\u0022 href=\u0022#T1\u0022\u003ETable 1\u003C\/a\u003E) that have helped to expand the use of ablation in paroxysmal AF in the time between the last Guidelines in 2006 and the 2010 update.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cdiv id=\u0022T1\u0022 class=\u0022table pos-float\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022table-inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022callout\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EView this table:\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022callout-links\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/\u0022 class=\u0022table-expand-inline\u0022 data-table-url=\u0022\/highwire\/markup\/11462\/expansion?postprocessors=highwire_figures%2Chighwire_math%2Chighwire_inline_linked_media%2Chighwire_embed\u0026amp;table-expand-inline=1\u0022 html=\u00221\u0022 fragment=\u0022#\u0022 external=\u00221\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView inline\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/markup\/11462\/expansion?width=1000\u0026amp;height=500\u0026amp;iframe=true\u0026amp;postprocessors=highwire_figures%2Chighwire_math%2Chighwire_inline_linked_media\u0022 class=\u0022colorbox colorbox-load table-expand-popup\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-tables\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView popup\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/11462\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022table-caption\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022table-label\u0022\u003ETable 1.\u003C\/span\u003E \n               \u003Cp id=\u0022p-3\u0022 class=\u0022first-child\u0022\u003EClinical Studies in Ablation for Paroxsymal AF.\u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section\u0022 id=\u0022sec-2\u0022\u003E\n         \u003Ch2 class=\u0022\u0022\u003E\u003Cem\u003ERelevant Meta-Analyses:\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/h2\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-5\u0022\u003ENair GM et al. A systematic review of randomized trials comparing radiofrequency ablation with antiarrhythmic medications in patients with atrial fibrillation. \u003Cem\u003EJ Cardiovasc Electrophysiol\u003C\/em\u003E 2009;20:138\u201344.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-6\u0022\u003EWilber DJ, et al. Comparison of antiarrhythmic drug therapy and radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a randomized controlled trial. \u003Cem\u003EJAMA\u003C\/em\u003E 2010;303:333\u201340.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-7\u0022\u003E\u201cEven though 25% to 30% of patients still require multiple procedures,\u201d said Dr. Prystowsky, \u201cthe overall success rate (which he defined as the absence of the need for antiarrhythmic drug therapy) for ablation in paroxysmal AF is very good (70% to 80%).\u201d Based on his own experience and recent data, he suggests that ablation should be considered first-line therapy for AF in patients:\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cul class=\u0022list-unord \u0022 id=\u0022list-1\u0022\u003E\u003Cli id=\u0022list-item-1\u0022\u003E\n               \u003Cp id=\u0022p-8\u0022\u003Ewith very symptomatic AF who refuse antiarrhythmic drug therapy\u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli id=\u0022list-item-2\u0022\u003E\n               \u003Cp id=\u0022p-9\u0022\u003Ein whom the only antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) choice is amiodarone\u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli id=\u0022list-item-3\u0022\u003E\n               \u003Cp id=\u0022p-10\u0022\u003Ewith brady-tachy syndrome in whom AAD can be used only with an implantable pacemaker\u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-11\u0022\u003EAblation of chronic AF is more difficult than paroxysmal AF, because the clinical pattern of the patient often does not correspond to the anatomical background of the disease. \u201cIn clinical practice,\u201d said Carlo Pappone, MD, Villa Maria Hospital Group, Cotignola, Italy, \u201cwe must consider many things when deciding on treatment. Important among these are the type of AF and the presence of comorbid conditions.\u201d\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp\u003ETypes of AF:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022list-unord \u0022 id=\u0022list-2\u0022\u003E\u003Cli id=\u0022list-item-4\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cp id=\u0022p-13\u0022\u003EElectrical AF \u2013 usually lone paroxysmal AF with simple substrates and no fibrosis but having discernable electrical signals all over the left atrium (LA) during AF.\u003C\/p\u003E\n               \u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli id=\u0022list-item-5\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cp id=\u0022p-14\u0022\u003EAnatomical AF \u2013 often coincident with long-standing permanent AF and having complex substrates and extensive fibrosis with the absence of clear electrical activity in the majority of the LA during AF.\u003C\/p\u003E\n               \u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli id=\u0022list-item-6\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cp id=\u0022p-15\u0022\u003EMixed AF \u2013 the most frequent form of \u201cchronic\u201d AF; has a mixed substrate with fibrosis often limited to the posterior wall. The electrical activity can be observed all over the LA, with frequent areas of fractionation and complex electrogram during AF.\u003C\/p\u003E\n               \u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\n         \u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-16\u0022\u003EImportant comorbid conditions include underlying heart disease (eg, amyloidosis, mitral regurgitation, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure), diabetes, obesity, neuromuscular disease, prior stroke, and coronary artery disease, as well as older age. The presence of these comorbid conditions is important, since all of them increase the complexity of care, and many of these conditions themselves may lead to disease recurrence due to left atrial muscle stretching, oversynthesis of fibrotic tissue, extensive cellular loss, and extensive fibrosis.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-17\u0022\u003E\u2018The decision to ablate,\u201d said Dr, Pappone, \u201cshould be based not on the response to external cardioversion but on the clinical environment of the AF disease\u201d In the earliest phases, ablation of chronic AF can stop\/delay progression. In patients with advanced anatomical disease with comorbidities, treatment of underlying disease, biventricular pacing, and left atrial appendage closure can be used to increase quality of life, improve hemodynamics, and reduce morbidity.\u003C\/p\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section\u0022 id=\u0022sec-3\u0022\u003E\n         \u003Ch2 class=\u0022\u0022\u003EAF: From Prevention to Treatment\u003C\/h2\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-18\u0022\u003ESamuel C. Dudley, Jr., MD, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA, discussed the results of the Statins for Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation trial (StoP-AF; \u003Ca class=\u0022external-ref external-ref-type-clintrialgov\u0022 href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV\u0026amp;access_num=NCT00252967\u0026amp;atom=%2Fspmdc%2F10%2F8%2F25.atom\u0022\u003ENCT00252967\u003C\/a\u003E), which showed that while high-dose statins may have a systemic anti-inflammatory action, their use may not necessarily translate into a reduction in the recurrence of AF.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-19\u0022\u003EStoP-AF was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that investigated whether high-dose atorvastatin would maintain sinus rhythm after successful cardioversion in patients with persistent AF. Patients (64\/524 subjects screened) with AF or atrial flutter (AFl) who required cardioversion were randomized to receive either atorvastatin 80 mg (n=33) or placebo (n=31). Cardioversion was performed, and statins were continued for 12 months or until AF recurred. Serum oxidative stress markers (ratios of oxidized-to-reduced glutathione and -cysteine, derivatives of reactive oxygen species, isoprostanes) and inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP], interlukin-6 [IL-6], interlukin-1-beta [IL-1\u03b2], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF\u03b1]) were measured at baseline and on follow-up. The primary study endpoint was the first ECG documentation of AF or AFl.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-20\u0022\u003EAF recurred in 22 (66.7%) of atorvastatin and 26 (83.9%) of placebo group subjects (p=0.2). There was no difference in the time to recurrence of AF between the two groups (\u003Ca id=\u0022xref-fig-1-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-fig\u0022 href=\u0022#F1\u0022\u003EFigure 1\u003C\/a\u003E). Atorvastatin did not have a significant effect on any of the oxidative stress measures or on inflammation, as measured by IL-1\u03b2 or TNF-\u03b1; however, IL-6 (adjusted OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.97) and hsCRP (adjusted OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.95) levels were significantly lower in the atorvastatin group at 1 month, as were cholesterol levels (p=0.03).\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cdiv id=\u0022F1\u0022 class=\u0022fig pos-float  odd\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-figure\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F1.large.jpg?width=800\u0026amp;height=600\u0026amp;carousel=1\u0022 title=\u0022Time to Recurrence of AF.\u0022 class=\u0022fragment-images colorbox-load\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-images-877089882\u0022 data-figure-caption=\u0022Time to Recurrence of AF.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg class=\u0022fragment-image\u0022 alt=\u0022Figure 1.\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F1.medium.gif\u0022\/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022highwire-figure-links inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F1.large.jpg?download=true\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-download\u0022 title=\u0022Download Figure 1.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload figure\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F1.large.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-newtab\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EOpen in new tab\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/11450\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-caption attrib\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022fig-label\u0022\u003EFigure 1.\u003C\/span\u003E \n               \u003Cp id=\u0022p-21\u0022 class=\u0022first-child\u0022\u003ETime to Recurrence of AF.\u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003Cq class=\u0022attrib\u0022 id=\u0022attrib-1\u0022\u003EResproduced with permission from S. Dudley, Jr, MD.\u003C\/q\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-22\u0022\u003EResults from a subanalysis of data from the Randomized Evaluation of Long Term Anticoagulant Therapy trial (RE-LY; \u003Ca class=\u0022external-ref external-ref-type-clintrialgov\u0022 href=\u0022\/lookup\/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV\u0026amp;access_num=NCT00262600\u0026amp;atom=%2Fspmdc%2F10%2F8%2F25.atom\u0022\u003ENCT00262600\u003C\/a\u003E), presented by Ziad Hijazi, MD, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala, Sweden, show that elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels are common in patients with AF and that troponin is a strong and independent predictor of stroke and other adverse outcome in this patient population. Thus, troponin may contribute to risk stratification when used with other clinical variables, such as the CHADS\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E-score.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp\u003EIn this substudy, investigators analyzed plasma concentrations of baseline cTnI in 6224 (of 18,113) RE-LY trial participants. Subjects were divided into 4 groups, based on their baseline cTnI levels:\n\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022list-unord \u0022 id=\u0022list-3\u0022\u003E\u003Cli id=\u0022list-item-7\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cp id=\u0022p-24\u0022\u003EGroup 1: cTnI\u0026lt;0.01 ug\/L (n=2681; 43%)\u003C\/p\u003E\n               \u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli id=\u0022list-item-8\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cp id=\u0022p-25\u0022\u003EGroup 2: cTnI=0.01 ug\/L (n=1204; 19%)\u003C\/p\u003E\n               \u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli id=\u0022list-item-9\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cp id=\u0022p-26\u0022\u003EGroup 3: cTnI=0.02\u20130.03 ug\/L (n=1725; 28%)\u003C\/p\u003E\n               \u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli id=\u0022list-item-10\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cp id=\u0022p-27\u0022\u003EGroup 4: cTnI\u22650.04 ug\/L (n=614; 10%)\u003C\/p\u003E\n               \u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\n         \u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-28\u0022\u003EHigher cTnI levels were significantly associated with the occurrence of the composite of stroke, systemic embolism, all-cause mortality, and also the composite of stroke, systemic embolism, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death. Subjects with higher cTnI levels experienced significantly more major bleeding, suggesting that these patients had more comorbidities that placed them at higher risk for various complications. (\u003Ca id=\u0022xref-table-wrap-2-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-table\u0022 href=\u0022#T2\u0022\u003ETable 2\u003C\/a\u003E).\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cdiv id=\u0022T2\u0022 class=\u0022table pos-float\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022table-inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022callout\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EView this table:\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022callout-links\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/\u0022 class=\u0022table-expand-inline\u0022 data-table-url=\u0022\/highwire\/markup\/11466\/expansion?postprocessors=highwire_figures%2Chighwire_math%2Chighwire_inline_linked_media%2Chighwire_embed\u0026amp;table-expand-inline=1\u0022 html=\u00221\u0022 fragment=\u0022#\u0022 external=\u00221\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView inline\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/markup\/11466\/expansion?width=1000\u0026amp;height=500\u0026amp;iframe=true\u0026amp;postprocessors=highwire_figures%2Chighwire_math%2Chighwire_inline_linked_media\u0022 class=\u0022colorbox colorbox-load table-expand-popup\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-tables\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView popup\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/11466\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022table-caption\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022table-label\u0022\u003ETable 2.\u003C\/span\u003E \n               \u003Cp id=\u0022p-29\u0022 class=\u0022first-child\u0022\u003EEffect of cTnI Group.\u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-31\u0022\u003E\u2018Longer duration of early postoperative AF (POAF) is a strong independent predictor for the development of late AF,\u201d said Rowlens M. Melduni, MD, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA, \u201cand a postsurgical upstream therapeutic approach to prevent late recurrent AF should be considered in this patient population.\u201d\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-32\u0022\u003EDr. Melduni presented the results of a study that examined the impact of POAF (AF \u226430 days) duration on the development of late AF in subjects (n=534) without prior history of AF, a pacemaker, or congenital heart disease who underwent CABG and\/or valve surgery between 2000 and 2005. Subjects (mean age 65 \u00b1 13.3 years; 70.4% men) were followed up to the last clinical visit, repeat surgery, or death for first documentation of AF after 30 days of surgery. The total follow-up period was 8 years (mean 4.4\u00b12.5 years). The incidence of POAF during follow-up was 36.9% that lasted a median of 2 days. The average time from surgery to late AF was 2.5\u00b12.3 years.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-33\u0022\u003EOver the 8 years of follow-up, significantly fewer subjects who experienced POAF remained free of late AF (48.8%) compared with those who did not experience POAF (86.9%; HR, 6.1; 95%CI, 4.0 to 9.3; p\u0026lt;0.001). Longer duration of POAF was also associated with an increased risk of late AF (POAF \u22653 days HR, 3.99; 95% CI, 2.29 to 6.95 vs POAF \u0026lt;3 days HR, 8.81; 95% CI, 4.91 to 15.80). Subjects with POAF duration \u22653 days were twice as likely to experience late AF compared with those with POAF of lesser duration and 8-fold more likely compared with those without POAF (\u003Ca id=\u0022xref-fig-2-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-fig\u0022 href=\u0022#F2\u0022\u003EFigure 2\u003C\/a\u003E).\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cdiv id=\u0022F2\u0022 class=\u0022fig pos-float  odd\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-figure\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F2.large.jpg?width=800\u0026amp;height=600\u0026amp;carousel=1\u0022 title=\u0022Relationship Between Duration of Early POAF and Occurrence of Late AF.\u0022 class=\u0022fragment-images colorbox-load\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-images-877089882\u0022 data-figure-caption=\u0022Relationship Between Duration of Early POAF and Occurrence of Late AF.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg class=\u0022fragment-image\u0022 alt=\u0022Figure 2.\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F2.medium.gif\u0022\/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022highwire-figure-links inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F2.large.jpg?download=true\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-download\u0022 title=\u0022Download Figure 2.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload figure\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F2.large.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-newtab\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EOpen in new tab\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/11455\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-caption attrib\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022fig-label\u0022\u003EFigure 2.\u003C\/span\u003E \n               \u003Cp id=\u0022p-34\u0022 class=\u0022first-child\u0022\u003ERelationship Between Duration of Early POAF and Occurrence of Late AF.\u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003Cq class=\u0022attrib\u0022 id=\u0022attrib-2\u0022\u003EResproduced with permission from R. Melduni, MD.\u003C\/q\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-35\u0022\u003EIn multivariate analysis, after adjusting for age, gender, and clinical and surgical risk factors, other independent predictors of late AF were combined CABG and valve surgery (HR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.81 to 5.09; p\u0026lt;0.001) and renal dysfunction (creatinine \u0026gt;2; HR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.05 to 5.20; p=0.04).\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-36\u0022\u003EThe text above summarizes selected presentations from two sessions devoted to AF.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cdiv id=\u0022F3\u0022 class=\u0022fig pos-float  odd\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-figure\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F3.large.jpg?width=800\u0026amp;height=600\u0026amp;carousel=1\u0022 title=\u0022\u0022 class=\u0022fragment-images colorbox-load\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-images-877089882\u0022 data-figure-caption=\u0022\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg class=\u0022fragment-image\u0022 alt=\u0022Figure3\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F3.medium.gif\u0022\/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022highwire-figure-links inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F3.large.jpg?download=true\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-download\u0022 title=\u0022Download Figure3\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload figure\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/10\/8\/25\/F3.large.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-newtab\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EOpen in new tab\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/11459\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-caption attrib\u0022\u003E\u003Cq class=\u0022attrib\u0022 id=\u0022attrib-3\u0022\u003E\n               \u003Cem\u003EThe editors would like to thank the many members of the European Society of Cardiology presenting faculty who generously gave their time to ensure the accuracy and quality of the articles in this publication.\u003C\/em\u003E\n            \u003C\/q\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022copyright-statement\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022fn\u0022 id=\u0022copyright-statement-1\u0022\u003E\u00a9 2010 MD Conference Express\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-end\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan id=\u0022related-urls\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/content\/10\/8\/25.abstract\u0022 class=\u0022hw-link hw-link-article-abstract\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView Summary\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_figures.js?nzmpa2\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_openurl.js?nzmpa2\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_tables.js?nzmpa2\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003C\/body\u003E\u003C\/html\u003E"}