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type=\u0022text\/css\u0022 rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 href=\u0022\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/sites\/default\/files\/cdn\/css\/http\/css_Xg7z6oCTVgud_Q0huYz9x9iiD5H_2YPSJ5z2ZViSWdY.css\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 \/\u003E\n\u003Clink rel=\u0027stylesheet\u0027 type=\u0027text\/css\u0027 href=\u0027\/sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/onecol\/onecol.css\u0027 \/\u003E\u003C\/head\u003E\u003Cbody\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panels-ajax-tab-panel panels-ajax-tab-panel-sageoa-tab-art\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-display panel-1col clearfix\u0022 \u003E\n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-panel panel-col\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022panel-pane pane-highwire-markup\u0022 \u003E\n  \n      \n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022pane-content\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-markup\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022article fulltext-view \u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section abstract\u0022 id=\u0022abstract-1\u0022\u003E\u003Ch2\u003ESummary\u003C\/h2\u003E\n            \u003Cp id=\u0022p-1\u0022\u003EJeroen J. Bax, MD, 2009 ESC Congress Programme Committee Chair, University Hospital Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands, discusses new trends and advancements in diagnostic cardiac imaging\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022kwd-group\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003Eimaging modalities\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022kwd\u0022\u003Ecardiac imaging techniques\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022section\u0022 id=\u0022sec-1\u0022\u003E\n         \n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-2\u0022\u003EThe field of diagnostic cardiac imaging has experienced many exciting innovations and advances in recent years. Each modality has clinical advantages and disadvantages and their use in clinical practice varies greatly. The main imaging modalities include echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear cardiology and multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT).\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-3\u0022\u003EEchocardiography is the most commonly used imaging technique in clinical cardiology due to its reliability and practicality. This technique is highly reproducible, mobile and available bedside. It provides an accurate evaluation of cardiac dimensions and function, valvular anatomy and function, cardiac pressures, and the pericardium without the use of radiation.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-4\u0022\u003EStress echocardiography (physiological exercise or pharmacological stress) is used for detection of myocardial ischemia as a marker of coronary artery disease (CAD). Intravenous contrast can be used to enhance left ventricular border opacification, as well as to evaluate myocardial perfusion.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-5\u0022\u003EMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) produces information similar to echocardiography but with a higher resolution. With contrast-enhanced imaging, high precision imaging of scar tissue is possible without radiation. The most significant drawbacks to this technique are claustrophobia, the presence of cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators, and limited availability of equipment.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-6\u0022\u003ENuclear cardiology includes imaging with PET and SPECT, the two most frequently used techniques for assessment of myocardial ischemia. Radioactive tracers are used to visualize cardiac biology and functional processes. The main focus of SPECT imaging is assessment of myocardial perfusion (\u003Ca id=\u0022xref-fig-1-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-fig\u0022 href=\u0022#F1\u0022\u003EFigure 1A\u003C\/a\u003E); in addition, assessment of cardiac innervation is also possible. The main advantage of PET imaging is the option of absolute quantification of physiological processes such as perfusion, metabolism and innervation.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cdiv id=\u0022F1\u0022 class=\u0022fig pos-float  odd\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-figure\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/8\/2\/19\/F1.large.jpg?width=800\u0026amp;height=600\u0026amp;carousel=1\u0022 title=\u0022SPECT Perfusion Study.\u0022 class=\u0022fragment-images colorbox-load\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-images-490135615\u0022 data-figure-caption=\u0022SPECT Perfusion Study.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg class=\u0022fragment-image\u0022 alt=\u0022Figure 1A.\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/8\/2\/19\/F1.medium.gif\u0022\/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022highwire-figure-links inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/8\/2\/19\/F1.large.jpg?download=true\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-download\u0022 title=\u0022Download Figure 1A.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload figure\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/8\/2\/19\/F1.large.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-newtab\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EOpen in new tab\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/11079\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-caption\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022fig-label\u0022\u003EFigure 1A.\u003C\/span\u003E \n               \u003Cp id=\u0022p-7\u0022 class=\u0022first-child\u0022\u003ESPECT Perfusion Study.\u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-8\u0022\u003EThe most recent advance in imaging is MSCT. This technique provides assessment of coronary atherosclerosis (a calcium score) and permits non-invasive angiography (\u003Ca id=\u0022xref-fig-2-1\u0022 class=\u0022xref-fig\u0022 href=\u0022#F2\u0022\u003EFigure 1B\u003C\/a\u003E). It provides anatomic imaging, without information on the hemodyamic consequences of the observed coronary lesions (ie, no information on the presence\/absence of ischemia secondary to the detected atherosclerosis is provided). This technique utilizes contrast agents and radiation. The main advantage is that CAD can be assessed at a very early stage (ie, atherosclerosis without significant coronary artery stenoses). It is clear that MSCT has a high diagnostic accuracy for detection\/exclusion of CAD, but its precise role in clinical evaluation and patient work-up remains to be determined.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cdiv id=\u0022F2\u0022 class=\u0022fig pos-float  odd\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-figure\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/8\/2\/19\/F2.large.jpg?width=800\u0026amp;height=600\u0026amp;carousel=1\u0022 title=\u0022MSCT Angiography.\u0022 class=\u0022fragment-images colorbox-load\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-images-490135615\u0022 data-figure-caption=\u0022MSCT Angiography.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg class=\u0022fragment-image\u0022 alt=\u0022Figure 1B.\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/8\/2\/19\/F2.medium.gif\u0022\/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022highwire-figure-links inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/8\/2\/19\/F2.large.jpg?download=true\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-download\u0022 title=\u0022Download Figure 1B.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload figure\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/8\/2\/19\/F2.large.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-newtab\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EOpen in new tab\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/11083\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-caption\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022fig-label\u0022\u003EFigure 1B.\u003C\/span\u003E \n               \u003Cp id=\u0022p-9\u0022 class=\u0022first-child\u0022\u003EMSCT Angiography.\u003C\/p\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-10\u0022\u003EAccordingly, the current era is characterized by a large variety of non-invasive imaging techniques, and the (near) future will determine the precise roles of these various imaging techniques.\u003C\/p\u003E\n         \u003Cp id=\u0022p-11\u0022\u003EThe upcoming Annual Meeting of the European Society of Cardiology (Aug 30 -Sept 3, 2008, Munich, Germany; \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/escardio.org\/congresses\u0022\u003Ehttp:\/\/escardio.org\/congresses\u003C\/a\u003E), will emphasize clinical cardiology and imaging. Presentations including \u201cExpert Imagers\u201d and Live-Case Imaging sessions will specifically address imaging technology and how it can be integrated to support and enhance clinical care. One of the most exciting new features being introduced this year is the \u201cEverything You Wanted to Know About Cardiovascular Imaging but were Afraid to Ask\u201d session. This new interactive session will allow attendees to post questions on the ESC website prior to the meeting which will then be answered by our expert panel during the live session, providing a wonderful opportunity for attendees to interact with our experts. I look forward to seeing you in Munich this August!\u003C\/p\u003E\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022copyright-statement\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022fn\u0022 id=\u0022copyright-statement-1\u0022\u003E\u00a9 2008 MD Conference Express\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-end\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan id=\u0022related-urls\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/content\/8\/2\/19.abstract\u0022 class=\u0022hw-link hw-link-article-abstract\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EView Summary\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_figures.js?nzmghd\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_openurl.js?nzmghd\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003C\/body\u003E\u003C\/html\u003E"}