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id=\u0022fig-data\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\u0022fig-data-figures\u0022 class=\u0022group frag-figure\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-data-title-jump clearfix\u0022\u003E\u003Ch3 class=\u0022fig-data-group-title\u0022\u003EFigures\u003C\/h3\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-data-jump-links\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022item-list\u0022\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022fig-data-list clearfix\u0022 id=\u0022fragments-fig\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022first\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022element-fig-data clearfix -caption\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-markup\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-expansion \u0022 id=\u0022F1\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-figure\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F1.large.jpg?width=800\u0026amp;height=600\u0026amp;carousel=1\u0022 title=\u0022Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation Associated With Increasing Components of Metabolic SyndromeFigure adjusted for the following covariates at baseline: age (45 to \u0026amp;lt;\u0026#x2005;50, 50 to \u0026amp;lt;\u0026#x2005;55, 55 to \u0026amp;lt;\u0026#x2005;60, \u0026#x2265;\u0026#x2005;60), sex, race, center, educational attainment, smoking status and cigarette-years of smoking (quartiles).Reprinted from Chamberlain AM et al, Metabolic syndrome and incidence of atrial fibrillation among blacks and whites in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, Am Heart J, 2010, Vol 159, Issue 5, Pages 850-856, with permission from 2010 Mosby, Inc.\u0022 class=\u0022fragment-images colorbox-load\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-images-1429385474\u0022 data-figure-caption=\u0022\u0026amp;lt;div xmlns=\u0026amp;quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0026amp;quot;\u0026amp;gt;Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation Associated With Increasing Components of Metabolic SyndromeFigure adjusted for the following covariates at baseline: age (45 to \u0026amp;amp;lt;\u0026#x2005;50, 50 to \u0026amp;amp;lt;\u0026#x2005;55, 55 to \u0026amp;amp;lt;\u0026#x2005;60, \u0026#x2265;\u0026#x2005;60), sex, race, center, educational attainment, smoking status and cigarette-years of smoking (quartiles).Reprinted from Chamberlain AM et al, Metabolic syndrome and incidence of atrial fibrillation among blacks and whites in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, \u0026amp;lt;em\u0026amp;gt;Am Heart J, 2010\u0026amp;lt;\/em\u0026amp;gt;, Vol 159, Issue 5, Pages 850-856, with permission from 2010 Mosby, Inc.\u0026amp;lt;\/div\u0026amp;gt;\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg class=\u0022fragment-image\u0022 alt=\u0022Figure 1.\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F1.medium.gif\u0022\/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022highwire-figure-links inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F1.large.jpg?download=true\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-download\u0022 title=\u0022Download Figure 1.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload figure\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F1.large.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-newtab\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EOpen in new tab\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/16750\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-caption\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022fig-label\u0022\u003EFigure 1.\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cp id=\u0022p-8\u0022\u003EIncidence of Atrial Fibrillation Associated With Increasing Components of Metabolic Syndrome\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-9\u0022\u003EFigure adjusted for the following covariates at baseline: age (45 to \u0026lt;\u200550, 50 to \u0026lt;\u200555, 55 to \u0026lt;\u200560, \u2265\u200560), sex, race, center, educational attainment, smoking status and cigarette-years of smoking (quartiles).\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-10\u0022\u003EReprinted from Chamberlain AM et al, Metabolic syndrome and incidence of atrial fibrillation among blacks and whites in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, \u003Cem\u003EAm Heart J, 2010\u003C\/em\u003E, Vol 159, Issue 5, Pages 850-856, with permission from 2010 Mosby, Inc.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-end\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan id=\u0022related-urls\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022element-fig-data clearfix -caption\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-markup\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-expansion \u0022 id=\u0022F2\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-figure\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F2.large.jpg?width=800\u0026amp;height=600\u0026amp;carousel=1\u0022 title=\u0022New Paradigm for Heart Failure With HFpEF: Importance of ComorbiditiesComorbidities induce a systemic proinflammatory state with elevated plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, soluble ST2 (sST2), and pentraxin 3. Coronary microvascular endothelial cells reactively produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and E-selectin. Production of ROS leads to formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO) and reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, both of which lower soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activity in adjacent cardiomyocytes. Lower sGC activity decreases cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentration and protein kinase G (PKG) activity. Low PKG activity increases resting tension (Fpassive) of cardiomyocytes because of hypophosphorylation of titin and removes the brake on prohypertrophic stimuli inducing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. VCAM and E-selectin expression in endothelial cells favors migration into the subendothelium of monocytes. These monocytes release transforming growth factor b (TGF-b). The latter stimulates conversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, which deposit collagen in the interstitial space. COPD\u0026#x2005;=\u0026#x2005;chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HPEF\u0026#x2005;=\u0026#x2005;heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.Reprinted from J Am Coll Cardiol. Vol 62, A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation. Pages 263-7, Copyright 2013, with permission from American College of Cardiology Foundation.\u0022 class=\u0022fragment-images colorbox-load\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-images-1429385474\u0022 data-figure-caption=\u0022\u0026amp;lt;div xmlns=\u0026amp;quot;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0026amp;quot;\u0026amp;gt;New Paradigm for Heart Failure With HFpEF: Importance of ComorbiditiesComorbidities induce a systemic proinflammatory state with elevated plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, soluble ST2 (sST2), and pentraxin 3. Coronary microvascular endothelial cells reactively produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and E-selectin. Production of ROS leads to formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO) and reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, both of which lower soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activity in adjacent cardiomyocytes. Lower sGC activity decreases cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentration and protein kinase G (PKG) activity. Low PKG activity increases resting tension (Fpassive) of cardiomyocytes because of hypophosphorylation of titin and removes the brake on prohypertrophic stimuli inducing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. VCAM and E-selectin expression in endothelial cells favors migration into the subendothelium of monocytes. These monocytes release transforming growth factor b (TGF-b). The latter stimulates conversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, which deposit collagen in the interstitial space. COPD\u0026#x2005;=\u0026#x2005;chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HPEF\u0026#x2005;=\u0026#x2005;heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.Reprinted from \u0026amp;lt;em\u0026amp;gt;J Am Coll Cardiol\u0026amp;lt;\/em\u0026amp;gt;. Vol 62, A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation. Pages 263-7, Copyright 2013, with permission from American College of Cardiology Foundation.\u0026amp;lt;\/div\u0026amp;gt;\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg class=\u0022fragment-image\u0022 alt=\u0022Figure 2.\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F2.medium.gif\u0022\/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022highwire-figure-links inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F2.large.jpg?download=true\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-download\u0022 title=\u0022Download Figure 2.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload figure\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F2.large.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-newtab\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EOpen in new tab\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/16751\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-caption\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022fig-label\u0022\u003EFigure 2.\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cp id=\u0022p-13\u0022\u003ENew Paradigm for Heart Failure With HFpEF: Importance of Comorbidities\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-14\u0022\u003EComorbidities induce a systemic proinflammatory state with elevated plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, soluble ST2 (sST2), and pentraxin 3. Coronary microvascular endothelial cells reactively produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and E-selectin. Production of ROS leads to formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO) and reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, both of which lower soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activity in adjacent cardiomyocytes. Lower sGC activity decreases cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentration and protein kinase G (PKG) activity. Low PKG activity increases resting tension (Fpassive) of cardiomyocytes because of hypophosphorylation of titin and removes the brake on prohypertrophic stimuli inducing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. VCAM and E-selectin expression in endothelial cells favors migration into the subendothelium of monocytes. These monocytes release transforming growth factor b (TGF-b). The latter stimulates conversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, which deposit collagen in the interstitial space. COPD\u2005=\u2005chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HPEF\u2005=\u2005heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-15\u0022\u003EReprinted from \u003Cem\u003EJ Am Coll Cardiol\u003C\/em\u003E. Vol 62, A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation. Pages 263-7, Copyright 2013, with permission from American College of Cardiology Foundation.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-end\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan id=\u0022related-urls\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022last\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022element-fig-data clearfix -caption\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-markup\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv xmlns=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022 id=\u0022content-block-markup\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-expansion \u0022 id=\u0022F3\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-start\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022highwire-figure\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img-wrapper\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-inline-img\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F3.large.jpg?width=800\u0026amp;height=600\u0026amp;carousel=1\u0022 title=\u0022Metabolic Syndrome and Atrial FibrillationAF, atrial fibrillation; EF, ejection fraction; LA, left atrium.Reproduced with permission from G Breithardt, MD.\u0022 class=\u0022fragment-images colorbox-load\u0022 rel=\u0022gallery-fragment-images-1429385474\u0022 data-figure-caption=\u0022Metabolic Syndrome and Atrial FibrillationAF, atrial fibrillation; EF, ejection fraction; LA, left atrium.Reproduced with permission from G Breithardt, MD.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg class=\u0022fragment-image\u0022 alt=\u0022Figure 3.\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F3.medium.gif\u0022\/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cul class=\u0022highwire-figure-links inline\u0022\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00220 first\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F3.large.jpg?download=true\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-download\u0022 title=\u0022Download Figure 3.\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload figure\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00221\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/d282kpwvnogo5m.cloudfront.net\/content\/spmdc\/15\/22\/4\/F3.large.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-newtab\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EOpen in new tab\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u00222 last\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\/highwire\/powerpoint\/16752\u0022 class=\u0022highwire-figure-link highwire-figure-link-ppt\u0022 data-icon-position=\u0022\u0022 data-hide-link-title=\u00220\u0022\u003EDownload powerpoint\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fig-caption\u0022 xmlns:xhtml=\u0022http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xhtml\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022fig-label\u0022\u003EFigure 3.\u003C\/span\u003E \u003Cp id=\u0022p-21\u0022\u003EMetabolic Syndrome and Atrial Fibrillation\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-22\u0022\u003EAF, atrial fibrillation; EF, ejection fraction; LA, left atrium.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp id=\u0022p-23\u0022\u003EReproduced with permission from G Breithardt, MD.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022sb-div caption-clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022highwire-journal-article-marker-end\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cspan id=\u0022related-urls\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022 src=\u0022http:\/\/mdc.sagepub.com\/sites\/all\/modules\/highwire\/highwire\/plugins\/highwire_markup_process\/js\/highwire_figures.js?nzl3eq\u0022\u003E\u003C\/script\u003E\n\u003C\/body\u003E\u003C\/html\u003E"}